迭代器的类型:输出 vs. 输入 vs. 前向 vs. 随机访问迭代器

问题描述

C++ STL 有多少种迭代器?到目前为止，我知道这些:

How many types of iterators are there in C++ STL? As of now, I know of these:

• 输出迭代器
• 输入迭代器
• 前向迭代器
• 随机访问迭代器

还有吗?它们之间有什么区别?各自的局限性和特点是什么?什么时候使用哪种类型?

Are there more? What are the differences between them? What are the limitations and characteristics of each? Which type is used when?

推荐答案

如果可以，请查找并阅读C++ 标准库:教程和参考".本书包含一整章关于 STL 迭代器的内容.

If you can, find and read "The C++ Standard Library: A Tutorial and Reference". This book contains a whole chapter about STL iterators.

这是书中的一些内容:

Iterator Category  Ability                          Providers
-----------------  -------------------------------  ----------------------------
Input iterator     Reads forward                    istream
Output iterator    Writes forward                   ostream, inserter
Forward iterator   Reads/writes forward             forward_list,
                                                      unordered_[multi]set,
                                                      unordered_[multi]map
Bidirectional it.  Reads/writes forward/backward    list, [multi]set, [multi]map
Random access it.  Reads/writes with random access  vector, deque string, array 

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