如何使用 Json.Net 序列化/反序列化带有自定义键的字典?

问题描述

我有以下类，用作字典中的键:

I have the following class, that I use as a key in a dictionary:

    public class MyClass
    {
        private readonly string _property;

        public MyClass(string property)
        {
            _property = property;
        }

        public string Property
        {
            get { return _property; }
        }

        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            MyClass other = obj as MyClass;
            if (other == null) return false;
            return _property == other._property;
        }

        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return _property.GetHashCode();
        }
    }

我正在运行的测试在这里:

The test I am running is here:

    [Test]
    public void SerializeDictionaryWithCustomKeys()
    {
        IDictionary<MyClass, object> expected = new Dictionary<MyClass, object>();
        expected.Add(new MyClass("sth"), 5.2);
        JsonSerializerSettings jsonSerializerSettings = new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All };
        string output = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(expected, Formatting.Indented, jsonSerializerSettings);
        var actual = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IDictionary<MyClass, object>>(output, jsonSerializerSettings);
        CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expected, actual);
    }

测试失败，因为 Json.Net 似乎在字典键上使用 ToString() 方法，而不是正确序列化它们.上面测试的结果 json 是:

The test fails, because Json.Net seems to be using the ToString() method on the dictionary keys, instead of serializing them properly. The resulting json from the test above is:

{
  "$type": "System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[[RiskAnalytics.UnitTests.API.TestMarketContainerSerialisation+MyClass, RiskAnalytics.UnitTests],[System.Object, mscorlib]], mscorlib",
  "RiskAnalytics.UnitTests.API.TestMarketContainerSerialisation+MyClass": 5.2
}

这显然是错误的.我怎样才能让它工作?

which is clearly wrong. How can I get it to work?

推荐答案

这应该可以解决问题:

序列化:

JsonConvert.SerializeObject(expected.ToArray(), Formatting.Indented, jsonSerializerSettings);

通过调用 expected.ToArray()，您正在序列化 KeyValuePair 对象数组，而不是字典.

By calling expected.ToArray() you're serializing an array of KeyValuePair<MyClass, object> objects rather than the dictionary.

反序列化:

JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<KeyValuePair<IDataKey, object>[]>(output, jsonSerializerSettings).ToDictionary(kv => kv.Key, kv => kv.Value);

在这里你反序列化数组，然后用 .ToDictionary(...) 调用检索字典.

Here you deserialize the array and then retrieve the dictionary with .ToDictionary(...) call.

我不确定输出是否符合您的期望，但肯定它通过了相等性断言.

I'm not sure if the output meets your expectations, but surely it passes the equality assertion.

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