如何在 ASP.NET Core 中模拟 IFormFile 以进行单元/集成测试?

问题描述

我想为在 ASP.NET Core 中上传文件编写测试，但似乎找不到模拟/实例化从 IFormFile 派生的对象的好方法.

I want to write tests for uploading of files in ASP.NET Core but can't seem to find a nice way to mock/instantiate an object derived from IFormFile.

关于如何做到这一点的任何建议?

Any suggestions on how to do this?

推荐答案

假设你有一个像这样的控制器..

Assuming you have a Controller like..

public class MyController : Controller {
    public Task<IActionResult> UploadSingle(IFormFile file) {...}
}

...使用被测方法访问 IFormFile.OpenReadStream().

...where the IFormFile.OpenReadStream() is accessed with the method under test.

您可以使用 Moq 模拟框架创建测试来模拟流数据.

You can create a test using Moq mocking framework to simulate the stream data.

[TestClass]
public class IFormFileUnitTests {
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task Should_Upload_Single_File() {
        //Arrange
        var fileMock = new Mock<IFormFile>();
        //Setup mock file using a memory stream
        var content = "Hello World from a Fake File";
        var fileName = "test.pdf";
        var ms = new MemoryStream();
        var writer = new StreamWriter(ms);
        writer.Write(content);
        writer.Flush();
        ms.Position = 0;
        fileMock.Setup(_ => _.OpenReadStream()).Returns(ms);
        fileMock.Setup(_ => _.FileName).Returns(fileName);
        fileMock.Setup(_ => _.Length).Returns(ms.Length);

        var sut = new MyController();
        var file = fileMock.Object;

        //Act
        var result = await sut.UploadSingle(file);

        //Assert
        Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(IActionResult));
    }
}

或者，从 ASP.NET Core 3.0 开始，使用 FormFile 类 现在是 IFormFile 的默认实现.

Or, as of ASP.NET Core 3.0, use an instance of the FormFile Class which is now the default implementation of IFormFile.

这是使用 FormFile 类进行上述相同测试的示例

Here is an example of the same test above using FormFile class

[TestClass]
public class IFormFileUnitTests {
    [TestMethod]
    public async Task Should_Upload_Single_File() {
        //Arrange
       
        //Setup mock file using a memory stream
        var content = "Hello World from a Fake File";
        var fileName = "test.pdf";
        var stream = new MemoryStream();
        var writer = new StreamWriter(stream);
        writer.Write(content);
        writer.Flush();
        stream.Position = 0;

        //create FormFile with desired data
        IFormFile file = new FormFile(stream, 0, stream.Length, "id_from_form", fileName);
        
        MyController sut = new MyController();
        
        //Act
        var result = await sut.UploadSingle(file);

        //Assert
        Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(IActionResult));
    }
}

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