SQL Server 动态 PIVOT 查询?

问题描述

我的任务是想出一种翻译以下数据的方法:

I've been tasked with coming up with a means of translating the following data:

date        category        amount
1/1/2012    ABC             1000.00
2/1/2012    DEF             500.00
2/1/2012    GHI             800.00
2/10/2012   DEF             700.00
3/1/2012    ABC             1100.00

进入以下内容:

date        ABC             DEF             GHI
1/1/2012    1000.00
2/1/2012                    500.00
2/1/2012                                    800.00
2/10/2012                   700.00
3/1/2012    1100.00

空白点可以是 NULL 或空白，两者都可以，并且类别需要是动态的.对此的另一个可能的警告是，我们将在有限的容量下运行查询，这意味着临时表已用完.我已经尝试研究并使用了 PIVOT，但因为我从未使用过它，所以我真的不理解它，尽管我尽了最大的努力来弄清楚它.有人能指出我正确的方向吗?

The blank spots can be NULLs or blanks, either is fine, and the categories would need to be dynamic. Another possible caveat to this is that we'll be running the query in a limited capacity, which means temp tables are out. I've tried to research and have landed on PIVOT but as I've never used that before I really don't understand it, despite my best efforts to figure it out. Can anyone point me in the right direction?

推荐答案

Dynamic SQL PIVOT:

Dynamic SQL PIVOT:

create table temp
(
    date datetime,
    category varchar(3),
    amount money
)

insert into temp values ('1/1/2012', 'ABC', 1000.00)
insert into temp values ('2/1/2012', 'DEF', 500.00)
insert into temp values ('2/1/2012', 'GHI', 800.00)
insert into temp values ('2/10/2012', 'DEF', 700.00)
insert into temp values ('3/1/2012', 'ABC', 1100.00)


DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ',' + QUOTENAME(c.category) 
            FROM temp c
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query = 'SELECT date, ' + @cols + ' from 
            (
                select date
                    , amount
                    , category
                from temp
           ) x
            pivot 
            (
                 max(amount)
                for category in (' + @cols + ')
            ) p '


execute(@query)

drop table temp

结果:

Date                        ABC         DEF    GHI
2012-01-01 00:00:00.000     1000.00     NULL    NULL
2012-02-01 00:00:00.000     NULL        500.00  800.00
2012-02-10 00:00:00.000     NULL        700.00  NULL
2012-03-01 00:00:00.000     1100.00     NULL    NULL

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