如何使用 Python 在不接触附件的情况下有效地解析电子邮件

问题描述

我正在使用 Python imaplib (Python 2.6) 从 GMail 获取电子邮件.我使用 http://docs.python.org/方法获取电子邮件的所有内容library/imaplib.html#imaplib.IMAP4.fetch 我收到了整封电子邮件.我只需要文本部分并解析附件名称，而不需要下载它们.如何做到这一点?我看到 GMail 返回的电子邮件与浏览器发送到 HTTP 服务器的格式相同.

I'm playing with Python imaplib (Python 2.6) to fetch emails from GMail. Everything I fetch an email with method http://docs.python.org/library/imaplib.html#imaplib.IMAP4.fetch I get whole email. I need only text part and also parse names of attachments, without downloading them. How this can be done? I see that emails returned by GMail follow the same format that browsers send to HTTP servers.

推荐答案

看看这个食谱:http://code.activestate.com/recipes/498189/

我稍微调整了它以打印发件人、主题、日期、附件名称和邮件正文(现在只是纯文本 - 添加 html 邮件很简单).

I adapted it slightly to print the From, Subject, Date, name of attachments, and message body (just plaintext for now -- its trivial to add html messages).

在这种情况下，我使用了 Gmail pop3 服务器，但它也应该适用于 IMAP.

I used the Gmail pop3 server in this case, but it should work for IMAP as well.

import poplib, email, string

mailserver = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com')
mailserver.user('recent:YOURUSERNAME') #use 'recent mode'
mailserver.pass_('YOURPASSWORD') #consider not storing in plaintext!

numMessages = len(mailserver.list()[1])
for i in reversed(range(numMessages)):
    message = ""
    msg = mailserver.retr(i+1)
    str = string.join(msg[1], "
")
    mail = email.message_from_string(str)

    message += "From: " + mail["From"] + "
"
    message += "Subject: " + mail["Subject"] + "
"
    message += "Date: " + mail["Date"] + "
"

    for part in mail.walk():
        if part.is_multipart():
            continue
        if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain':
            body = "
" + part.get_payload() + "
"
        dtypes = part.get_params(None, 'Content-Disposition')
        if not dtypes:
            if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain':
                continue
            ctypes = part.get_params()
            if not ctypes:
                continue
            for key,val in ctypes:
                if key.lower() == 'name':
                    message += "Attachment:" + val + "
"
                    break
            else:
                continue
        else:
            attachment,filename = None,None
            for key,val in dtypes:
                key = key.lower()
                if key == 'filename':
                    filename = val
                if key == 'attachment':
                    attachment = 1
            if not attachment:
                continue
            message += "Attachment:" + filename + "
"
        if body:
            message += body + "
"
    print message
    print

这应该足以让您朝着正确的方向前进.

This should be enough to get you heading in the right direction.

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